What is this document?
INDG84 is the HSE's guidance on leptospirosis, a bacterial infection that workers can catch through contact with contaminated water or animal urine. The document covers the two types of leptospirosis infection that affect workers in the UK, including Weil's disease.
The guide explains how leptospirosis is transmitted, which workers face the highest risk, and what practical measures can prevent infection. It also covers what to do if you suspect you have contracted the disease.
Who needs to read this?
- Farmers and agricultural workers who work with livestock or in environments where rats may be present
- Veterinary staff and animal handlers
- Sewer and water workers who may encounter contaminated water
- Construction workers on sites near canals, rivers, or areas with rat activity
- Abattoir workers, meat inspectors, and butchers
- Anyone working in environments where rats are or have been present
Key points covered
The guide addresses essential information about leptospirosis:
- What leptospirosis is and how the infection spreads through contact with infected animal urine, particularly from rats
- Two types of infection that affect workers in the UK, with Weil's disease being the more severe form
- High-risk occupations including farming, veterinary work, sewer maintenance, and construction near waterways
- Risk situations such as refurbishment or demolition work where rat infestation may be present
- Prevention measures to reduce exposure to contaminated water and surfaces
- Recognising symptoms and the importance of early medical treatment
- Informing your doctor about your work if you suspect infection
How this applies to you
If your work brings you into contact with rats, livestock, or potentially contaminated water, you need to assess the leptospirosis risk. Consider whether your workers are exposed to areas where rats are present or have been, particularly during demolition, refurbishment, or work near waterways.
Put control measures in place to minimise exposure. This includes covering cuts and abrasions with waterproof dressings, wearing protective clothing, and washing hands thoroughly before eating or drinking.
Make sure workers know the symptoms of leptospirosis, which can resemble flu in the early stages. Prompt medical treatment significantly improves outcomes. Workers should inform their doctor about their occupation if they become unwell.
For broader guidance on managing health hazards in your workplace, see our workplace safety topic guide. If you handle other biological hazards, you may also need to review COSHH requirements.