INDG903 min read

Ergonomics and Human Factors Guide

HSE guidance on applying ergonomics and human factors principles in the workplace. Covers practical solutions for common ergonomic challenges to improve health, safety, and productivity.

Get a free compliance checklist for this guidance.

Get the checklist

Official HSE Document

Read the full official guidance on the HSE website.

View INDG90 on HSE.gov.uk

What is this document?

INDG90 is the HSE's introductory guide to ergonomics and human factors at work. It presents real ergonomic challenges found in work environments and offers straightforward, actionable strategies to address them.

Ergonomics is the science of matching work, equipment, and the working environment to the capabilities and limitations of workers. Getting this right reduces the risk of injury and improves both safety and productivity.

Who needs to read this?

  • Employers and managers responsible for workplace design and equipment
  • Health and safety officers developing ergonomic policies
  • Office managers setting up workstations
  • Facilities managers planning workplace layouts
  • HR professionals addressing work-related ill health
  • Anyone involved in purchasing equipment or designing work processes
  • Employees who want to understand their working conditions

Key points covered

The HSE guidance addresses:

  • Understanding ergonomics and why it matters
  • Common ergonomic problems in different workplaces
  • Workstation design including desks, chairs, and equipment layout
  • Display screen equipment (DSE) and computer work
  • Lighting and visual comfort in the workplace
  • Manual handling and reducing strain from physical tasks
  • Upper limb disorders and repetitive strain injuries
  • Human factors and how people interact with systems and processes

How this applies to you

Employers have a duty to design work and workplaces that suit their employees. Poor ergonomics can lead to musculoskeletal disorders, eye strain, fatigue, and other health problems.

Identify ergonomic risks

Look for signs of ergonomic problems in your workplace:

  • Employees complaining of aches, pains, or discomfort
  • High rates of musculoskeletal disorders or upper limb problems
  • Awkward postures or repetitive movements
  • Poorly designed workstations or equipment
  • Inadequate lighting or glare on screens
  • Heavy or awkward manual handling tasks

Involve your workers

Employees often have practical insights into what causes problems and what solutions might work. Consult them when:

  • Designing or changing workstations
  • Purchasing new equipment
  • Planning new work processes
  • Investigating health complaints

Apply ergonomic principles

Key ergonomic improvements include:

  • Adjustable furniture that fits different body sizes
  • Proper workstation setup with screens at eye level and arms supported
  • Regular breaks from repetitive or static tasks
  • Good lighting without glare or shadows
  • Reducing repetition by varying tasks or automating where possible
  • Training in correct techniques for manual handling and equipment use

Consider human factors

Beyond physical ergonomics, consider how people interact with your systems:

  • Are procedures clear and easy to follow?
  • Can people make errors due to poor design?
  • Is the workload manageable?
  • Do people have the right skills and training?

Related Safety Clarity content


Source: This page summarises HSE guidance document INDG90. For the full official guidance, visit the HSE website.

Read the Full Document

This page provides a summary to help you understand if INDG90 is relevant to you. For complete guidance, always refer to the official HSE publication.

View on HSE.gov.uk

Explore Related Topics

Get a compliance checklist

Enter your email to receive a tailored checklist based on this guidance.

We respect your privacy. See our privacy policy.

Last reviewed: 27 December 2025